Developing design of a hologram we can use different holographic effects as well as additional protective elements as well. Working out the terms of reference it is necessary to foresee the usage of any effect as it is impossible to change a hologram during the process of producing.
Microtext - is a graphic element of protection composed of separate repeatedly successive words, letters, numbers, indexes. Microtext is made of a print of small size. This kind of text can be readable only through microscope.
Guilloche- is a compound pattern made of thin continues lines interlaced by certain geometric rules. It can be as background, embedded into some image element or applied on any part of a hologram.
Numeration- is a kind of protection based on applying of numbers changeable to certain regularity. Each holographic element can have personal number applied with indelible ink or by laser engraving.
Laser numeration
While numeration of holographic stickers by that means, a laser ray burns out a part of metallized reflective layer and certainly destroys relief of a hologram in this sphere. It makes a hologram resistant to the most effective way of forgery - physical copying.
Thermotransfering numeration
A number is applied in black paint through special thermal printer that is similar to the printers for applying bar codes.
Flip-flop effect (switch-effect) is a change from one image to another depending on a visual angle.
Hidden images are invisible to the naked eye and are not clearly seen through a microscope. These images can be just seen through special device.
Holograms with the full light assignment
These holograms are also called RGB (from English: R-red, G-green, B-blue) holograms. Before optical recording, the image divides into red, green and blue components of light. After separate recording of these components on a hologram – the object is visiable with full transmition of colors and tints.
Stereograms
In these holograms optical record is made so that from different sights of angle a different image is visiable. By this a hologram can create an illusion of volume or movement of the subject on a hologram. Usually, 50-100 frames of object are recorded on a hologram. These holograms are usually labor consuming and can not be duplicated.
